Gargadin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Kan Tsare -Tsaren Sauyin Yanayi Na Kasashe
David Shukman wanda editan labaran kimiyya ne a BBC ya ce, duk da tarun alkawuran daukar mataki, duniya har yanzu tana kan hanyar kara zafafa har zuwa matakan hadari.
Kwararrun Majalissar Dinkin Duniya sun yi nazari kan tsare -tsaren sauyin yanayi na kasashe sama da 100 kuma sun fitar da bayanan cewa muna kan hanya mara kyau.
Masana kimiyya kwanan nan sun tabbatar da cewa don gujewa mummunan tasirin yanayin zafi, ana buƙatar rage iskar carbon da kashi 45% nan da 2030.
Amma wannan sabon bincike ya nuna cewa an kaddara cewa wannan gurbatacciyar iska ta karu da kashi 16% a wannan lokacin.
Wannan, a karshe zai iya haifar da hauhawar zafin jiki da ma’auni 2.7C sama da lokutan da kafin yawaitar masana’antu – sama da iyakokin da kasashen duniya suka amince da su.
Ta yaya shugabannin duniya ke dakatar da canjin yanayi?
Babbar mai shiga tsakani ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Patricia Espinosa ta ce “karuwar kashi 16% babbar damuwa ce.”
“Ya sha ban-ban sosai da kiraye-kirayen masana kimiyya don karuwar cigaba a raguwar gurbatacciyar iska don hana mummunan yanayi da wahalar yanayi, musamman ma mafi muni, a duk fadin duniya.”
Wannan gargadi ne babba game da girman kalubalen da za a fuskanta a taron sauyin yanayi na COP26, wanda aka shirya zai gudana a Glasgow cikin sama da makonni shida.
Babban makasudin babban taron shine ci gaba da fatan rage hauhawar gurbacewar yanayin duniya ta hanyar jan hankalin kasashe da su rage gurbatacciyar iskar da suke fitarwa.
A karkashin dokokin Yarjejeniyar Paris kan sauyin yanayi, ana nufin kasashe su sabunta tsare -tsaren rage yawan carbon dinsu a duk shekaru biyar.
Amma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ce daga cikin kasashe 191 da ke cikin yarjejeniyar, 113 ne kawai suka kawo ingantattun alkawura.
Alok Sharma, Ministan Burtaniya wanda zai jagoranci taron COP26, ya ce kasashen da ke da manyan tsare -tsaren yanayi sun “riga sun karkatar da karfin iskar da ke zuwa kasa”.
“Amma ba tare da gudunmawar dukkan kasashe ba, musamman manyan kasashe masu karfin tattalin arziki, wannan kokarin zai iya zama a banza.”
Wani bincike da Climate Action Tracker ta gudanar ya gano cewa daga cikin kungiyar G20 ta manyan kasashe masu masana’antu, kadan ne kawai wadanda suka hada da Burtaniya da Amurka suka karfafa burinsu na rage gurbatacciyar iskar.
A wani bincike, Cibiyar Albarkatun Duniya da Binciken Yanayi ya nuna yadda China, Indiya, Saudi Arabia da Turkiya ke da alhakin kashi 33% na iskar carbon har yanzu ba su gabatar da sabbin tsare -tsare ba.
Binciken ya nuna cewar Ostiraliya da Indonesia suna yunkurin rage yawan carbon da suka fitar a shekarar 2015 – yayin da Yarjejeniyar Paris ke nufin hadawa da “tsarin wayar da kai” na samun raguwar sosai.
Kuma binciken ya gano cewa Brazil, Mexico da Rasha, gurbatacciyar iskar da suke fitarwa na karuwa maimakon raguwa.
A bangaren kasashe matalauta – wadanda suka fi fuskantar hadarin hauhawar ruwan kogi da sabbin matsanantan yanayin zafi da fari – samuwarb raguwar iskar da ke dumama duniya shine abu mafi muhimmanci.
Sonam P Wangdi, shugabar kungiyar Kananan Kasashe masu tasowa, ta ce: “Dole ne kasashen G20 su kasance kan gaba wajen rage hayaki mai guba don rage sauyin yanayi.
“Waɗannan su ne kasashe masu karfin gaske da nauyi ya hau kansu, kuma lokaci ya yi da za su tashi tsaye don daukar wannan matsala a matsayin matsala.
Akwai fatan China za ta iya sake tsare-tsarenta na sauyin yanayi kafin taron Glasgow.
A matsayinta na babbar mai fitar da mai a duniya, a baya ta ce tana da niyyar daidaita hauhawar iskar da take fitarwa nan da shekarar 2030 da kuma samun tsaka -tsakin carbon nan da shekarar 2060.
